Which Healthcare System is Best? Crash Course Public Health #7

for a lot of us that the phrase healthcare system can feel like a labyrinth full of paperwork long lines and strange smelling waiting rooms and navigating this library can be stressful and overwhelming in fact it just figuring out how to start your healthcare journey can feel hard enough not to mention doing the actual you know %HESITATION caring for your health but this isn't a twenty first

century problem people have spent hundreds of years imagining different ways to help people navigate the labyrinth and they've come up with a bunch of different pods each with their own benefits and pitfalls in a lot of places that we've combined these approaches like it the US has kind of taken approaches to health care from pretty much everywhere which sounds promising but has turned out to be

well you'll see what I mean hi I'm Vanessa hill and this is crashed because public health it feels weird to say but I'll healthy isn't just something that we have it's also something that is cared for and provided to us by all this these people are how health care providers and show they include doctors and surgeons who treat us when we need immediate care but also

heard people who provide ongoing preventative treatments like therapists dentists and nursing home work and what we typically receive care directly from these people there's an entire world behind the scenes that makes this relationship between patients and providers possible the health care system the healthcare system is probably best known for generating a lot of opinions and news stories we think attention grabbing headlines like why America's healthcare

system is broken all this man waited ten hours in emergency room off to skydiving incident and while these headlines are good at getting clicks then not good at explaining what healthcare system does the World Health Organization defines a healthcare system as all the institutions of people and resources whose primary purpose it is to promote restore and maintain health in general of the World Health Organization identifies

six building blocks that make up a strong healthcare system let's break them down a bit in the fourth bubbles made tonight he is having an asthma attack up for the first time the first building block that nice needs to successfully diagnose and treat his asthma attack is service delivery basically there needs to be enough health care facilities so that nice can easily access them once nice

is that he's chosen healthcare facility he needs his care provided to have essential medicines like albuterol also known as so beautiful outside the U. S. which helps to open a ways in the logs and the facility may have essential supplies like a stethoscope further listening tonight's breed also tonight probably wants there to be a trained professional at the facility so another obvious building blocks the next

treatment is a health care workforce that can help him diagnose his symptoms and then treat them one building block that nice might not be thinking about his health information systems these are systems that help collect and securely stored dasa and not just about nights health about everyone's health this could allow patients to have better access to the Oregon health Dawson and also help health care professionals

around the world to make more informed decisions and diagnose health questions in a population sorry %HESITATION if a population across the world is experiencing similar symptoms tonight's doctors can work together to find common factors that could explain the illness this means that while nights as money is being treated by one provide on an entire community of experts could use information about his condition and the medication

he received to help athletes so the doctor diagnoses nice with a smile and treat them with medicine thank goodness but someone needs to pay the doctor for that time and that the medicine manufacturer for providing the medicine sorry nice wants to be part of the health care system that is good at finance which means it has structured wise costs are covered and to make sure that

all these building blocks are working together we need governance or a system to oversee public policy medicine regulation health care costs and anything else made needs to stay healthy thanks thought bubble sorry yeah we can probably see why a media outlet wouldn't run a headline like man waits ten hours in emergency room due to lack of investment in health care what Paul supplies information system and

assorted other institutional challenges it just doesn't have the same click here ring to it there are around two hundred countries in the world each with its own unique health challenges and solutions to tackling those problems but this is fresh because the public health not encyclopedia public health serve rather than doing an amazing race style speed run of every healthcare system in the world was going to

put them into four general grapes each of the systems of basically has its own take on how to finance and provide healthcare service the first kind of healthcare system will look at is the beverage model not the beverage Modelo wasn't invented by the guy who created coca Cola in nineteen forty eight the model was developed by Sir William Beveridge the former director of the London school

of economics and political science one of the foundations of the beverage model is that good health is a human rights which it might not sound like a hot take to you but until then there were no new models for healthcare systems built on that idea beverage recognize that one of the biggest barriers between people and healthcare it was cost sorry he proposed the establishment of a

government run national health service which would be paid for publicly by taxes and that could provide care to everyone this it was one of the first organized instances of universal health care when we say universal health can now we mean any geographical region it where everyone has access to health coverage no matter which healthcare model is being used when people referred to socialized medicine that talking

about the beverage model in socialized medicine the government pays for and to delivers healthcare this is the system that we see in places like Great Britain and New Zealand I'm not the type of health care system emerged from Germany back in the late nineteenth century nine as the Bismarck model named after its founder also your prints of Bismarck account of his mock showing hells and Duke

of Laufenberg which is basically a long winded and very badly pronounced what you're saying very fancy German diplomat with a long we get PDF page in a modern biz Markie and systems that private organized Asians pay for and deliver the cat but everything is tightly regulated by the government then it somewhere between the beverage model and the Bismarck model we have at the national health insurance

model the national health insurance model is it similar to the beverage model in that the government is the one paying for medical care however like the Bismarck model of private organizations deliver it we say this model used primarily in Canada up Taiwan and South Korea now fourth model is the out of pocket model which probably wins the award for most helpfully names model yet unfortunately it

also wins the award for the potentially blazed effective model because that's basically the lack of a health care model it means that people pay for one hundred percent of the treatment they receive themselves basically people get the treatment that they pay full without assistance from the government or an insurance company we see this model in India of the United States and some low and middle income

countries in Africa and South America it's important to remember that way using al for healthcare models to speak very broadly about things that can be pretty knowledge one pack in practice many countries health care systems incorporate elements of multiple models and maybe none more so than the United States the U. S. is unique because it's the only wealthy industrialized country without universal health insurance coverage also

the US spends way more money on health care than other wealthy countries my concern was money that in twenty eighteen it's spending made up forty two percent of all global spending on health care despite making up just four point two nine percent of the world's total population but despite all that spending at the quality of U. S. health care actually falls behind those other wealthy nations

that don't spend all that money in one twenty twenty one study comparing U. S. health care results to those in eleven countries with similar levels of wealth the U. S. ranked last in healthcare access and quality and it had the highest rate of premature deaths the US healthcare system combines a pretty much every health care model we've discussed so far like the U. S. veterans health

administration resembles something like the beverage model all socialized medicine to take care of veterans health pretty much free of charge but then at the U. S. also uses the Bismarck model which can be seen in the insurance exchanges introduced by the affordable Care Act in these exchanges a private organizations pay for and deliver a cat but everything is tightly regulated by the government people sixty five

years or older a covered by Medicare which is blank Canada's system in that it's paid for by the government but delivered by private organizations and then as of twenty twenty there were around eight point six percent or twenty eight million Americans who want him short he pretty much used the out of pocket model sorry %HESITATION it's natural to wonder which of these models is best this

is what public health experts call a terrible horrible no good pretty much impossible to answer question ranking healthcare systems is like giving a definitive ranking of the spice girls it's going to come down to what criteria we're using to build our ranking scary all sporty posh ginger white what does everyone forget about baby instead it we can think in terms of goals by asking what a

good healthcare system should accomplish what it pretty obvious goal of a health care system is to improve health and there's a bunch of different ways to do this one metric we hear about often is life expectancy with the general scientific consensus being that healthier people live longer on average in this category is some of the top performing countries as of twenty twenty %HESITATION Japan and Singapore

our health care system to be equitable we don't want a health care system that's only going to caring for the health of some people health is a human rights regardless of where we are or who we are we also got a loss about health care systems affordability timeliness innovation equitable access the on boxes that we can just check off easily all permanently in the grand scheme

of human history organized healthcare systems a pretty new and we have a lot of work left to do thanks for watching this episode of crash because public health which was produced by complex Lee in partnership with the American public health association if you want to learn even more about public health head over to a PH eyes you tube channel to watch that's public health series by

APHA and complex cross course was built in the council Gerry studio in Indianapolis Indiana I made it with the help of all of these one but well if you'd like to help kick crash course free for everyone forever please consider joining our community of supporters on