Ultra Rare Warped Supernova Creates a Unique Einstein Cross

hold on four percent this is Anton and today we're going to be discussing this relatively recent discovery of something that's super rare and actually something that you see right here is surprising detection of what's known as the lens Supernova a supernova that appears as several images that are going to last for possibly a few months and then disappear into nothingness but a supernova with some of

the rare properties that in theory can allow us to actually learn so much about the universe and potentially resolve several major paradoxes that we have discussed several times in the last few years and so let's talk a little bit more about why this particular Discovery is somewhat exciting and to some extent so much unusual and how this might help us with the mysteries of the universe

now first of all just to clarify this is of course the theme's gravitational lensing effect originally predicted by Einstein in the early 1900s and officially confirmed in 1919. the strange effect that occurs when there is a really really massive object right in front of something really bright for far away and so basically if you were to put a massive object a bright object and planet Earth

in a single line it would turn into a gravitational lens observable from really far away and in the last few years so many have been actually discovered by various stories and various observations and even most of the major discoveries from the James Webb Space Telescope so far have been a result of gravitational lensing by various extremely massive Galactic clusters so these are definitely a really important

phenomena in order to observe distant universe or even potentially discover super distant stars that would be invisible otherwise for example last year we've discussed the discovery of the farthest star ever seen Arendelle that's basically exactly that a really really distant star whose light traveled for billions of years and only visible because of gravitational Landing but within the gravitational lensing effects sometimes the scientists also discover really

bright objects behind them like what you see right here that can be used to study something entirely different and they'll often form what's known as the Einstein's cross so essentially something like this at least four potential images sometimes even more with the light in this case actually traveling along different paths but more importantly taking slightly different time to arrive to planet Earth so in some sense

each of these images actually shows us a slightly different time frame but the majority of these are usually quizzers basically it is really really distant supermassive black holes that really produce bright images but become even brighter because of the gravitational lens and so it's definitely helpful for the scientists studying various quizzers or trying to understand the evolution of distant galaxies but because quizzers are also kind

of messy and sort of chaotic the images produced by this light don't always provide a lot of useful information however sometimes we get really lucky and we actually catch a supernova that can last anywhere from a few weeks to a few months that can then also form very similar Einstein cross and this is actually a really rare event or maybe it was a rare event until

recent telescopes and actually the last one that was super exciting for the scientists to study was around 2014 and so back then the scientists discovered that there is what seems to be an Einstein cross forming around the distingu gravitational lens turns out that this image was seen again and was potentially even seen five times in total and that's because the white from the Supernova traveled taking

slightly different routes around the landing Galaxy and thus ended up producing slightly different images the link in the description below provides a little bit more information about this particular Supernova that was named after an origin astrophysicist who originally predicted this concept back in the 60s but despite the excitement from this particular event since then only I think one other Supernova was kind of exciting for the

sciences and we'll discuss this in one of the videos in the description because that particular Supernova is predicted to create another image I believe in the next few years or so they will actually discuss more about this once the scientists attacked at final image now though they've detected something else completely by accident originally discovered by the automated facility known as ztf or zwiki transient facility operated

by Caltech as a way to find various sudden bright events around the universe and as of today it's already discovered over 7 000 different Supernova along with several other events that would be otherwise impossible to detect because they happen suddenly and then disappeared into nothingness and so it made one of these detections that didn't really look unusual at first sometime in 2022 but at first it

just looked like a typical Supernova and it was after additional observations with telescopes like the CAC observatory in Hawaii which are just more powerful than observing distant objects the design just finally realized that there's actually something intriguing going on inside this particular transient it turned out to be not just one light but several lights in an extremely compact space with the wider appearing to be magnified

by at least 25 times and and essentially splitting what seems to be distant Supernova into four different images but intriguingly enough this appeared to be the most compact lens the scientists have ever seen produced by what seems to be a relatively small Galaxy essentially making this the most compact or essentially the smallest Galactic lens ever discovered with all of the different images only taken approximately a

single day to arrive to planet Earth or in other words it took less than 24 hours between seeing the first image and the last image would the images eventually disappearing after just a few months and even more interestingly as you can see in the image itself two of them were much brighter than the other two and that actually implies that there is an additional correctational lens

within the lens itself or basically the landing Galaxy that was in front of the Supernova seems to possess another chunk or another Clump within it that seems to magnify the light a little bit more for example it could be some kind of a large collection of stars such as a global cluster or maybe even a presence of a really really massive star but the scientists could

learn more about with future analysis and to make things even more intriguing this actually is what's known as a type 1 laser brunova it's a supernova created by an exploding white dwarf which the scientists often refer to as distance candles or supernova that often produce relatively similar amount of light and can thus be used to determine distances to a lot of distant galaxies out there as

far as I know there's only one other such event that has ever been detected and this happened back in 2016 but as you can see from this image the observations themselves were not particularly detailed but the observations now have been very detailed and we're even going to get images from the James web in the next few months and so because this is a type 1A Supernova

and because of the compactness of this lens and the ability to see this in a world of different frequencies by a lot of powerful telescopes the scientists now believe this is actually going to help us solve a lot of mysteries of things like expansion of the universe and dark energy for example it's quite likely that in the next few months we're going to see a paper

recalculating the expansion of the universe or the famous Hubble constant by using the observations from the Supernova since it's located approximately 4 billion light years away from us it will give cosmologists a new value for the Hubble constant from this particular region of space which is actually super important because one of the major problems with modern cosmology is what's known as Hubble tension the actual expansion

of the University calculations seem to be somewhat different if you calculate them close to us as opposed to calculating them much farther away at the moment it just doesn't really make sense and nobody really has a good answer for why this is happening but this Supernova might help us solve some of these issues on top of this there are probably going to be some discussions about

what exactly is happening inside this Galaxy and why are some images brighter which may help the scientists work out the distribution of matter inside certain small galaxies or even tackle the mysteries of dark matter at the same time this is a definitive proof for the existence of these relatively small gravitational lenders formed by very small compact galaxies that can actually create gravitational lines and effects that

might last for a few months and we might definitely miss if we don't see them quick enough but nevertheless detecting a type 1A Supernova from such a strange event with four different images forming within just one day is already extremely rare and so because of this the scientists have actually even named this after these Wiki telescope would the event now refer to as Sans Wiki and

it's quite likely that within the next few months it's basically going to disappear into nothingness to be never seen again but luckily for us there is another telescope that's been developed right now that's going to be launched relatively soon that might allow the scientists detect a lot of these events thus solving a lot of mysteries about the universe in the process the Nancy Grace Roman Space

Telescope named after Nancy Roman who is basically the mother of Hubble telescope is going to allow allows to see a lot of these events at all times and detecting gravitational lenses is going to be one of its primary missions but this is only launching in 2027 and by then statistically we're probably going to find at least one or two more of these events but it's unlikely

to be a type 1 isopranova as I mentioned the last one was back in 2016. and so until Nancy Grace Roman telescope becomes operational this is probably going to be one of the most exciting discoveries both in terms of gravitational lensing and in terms of findings when it comes to solving the Mysteries behind Direct Energy so we're probably going to be hearing more about this as

least for now that's basically all we know is super exciting discovery of an extremely rare event and so until future discoveries are until future analysis check out similar ideas and similar videos in the description below subscribe share this with someone who has run over space and Sciences come back tomorrow to learn something else and maybe support us on patreon my join Channel membership or by buying

a wonderful person t-shirt you can find in the description stay wonderful I'll see you tomorrow and as always bye [Music] [Music] thank you thank you foreign