Could Dark Matter Be Quantum In Nature? As 5th State of Matter?

whole wonderful person this is Anton and in this video we're going to be discussing an intriguing new paper that tries to tackle the mystery of dark matter but it does so in a very unique way it actually compares the idea of dark matter to a very peculiar state of matter that we know exists here on Earth and we can actually produce in a typical lab environment

this right here is known as back both Einstein condenses sometimes also referred to as the fifth state of matter because unlike solids liquids gas or plasma bags can also exist for a very long time in certain conditions pretty much any matter can become this but it also contains a lot of properties that other states of matter do not possess and so in this video I wanted

to explore this idea a little bit more because what the scientists have recently identified by using simulations and relatively complex math analysis potentially provides a very interesting explanation to the mystery of what exactly is dark matter the mystery of expecting to see a lot of invisible matter out there based on various effects and based on all gravitational Landing from various distant Galactic clusters as well as

effects from various galaxies where the stars are moving way faster than they should be moving based on all of the observable matter and all of the gas and so as you might have seen from previous videos which by the way should be in the description in the past there have been quite a lot of different explanations for what exactly is dark matter and not so long

ago one of the recent papers was able to sort of definitively show that dark matter is unlikely to be some kind of a very large very massive particle the concept scientists refer to as whims weak interacting massive particles and the recent studies suggest that it's unlikely to be that but it can still be at least two other things an intriguing other particle known as Axion that

is actually meant to explain something entirely different in physics with the explanations about this somewhere in the description or potentially a bunch of particles that are just extremely low in mass or low in energy and are thus just extremely difficult to detect and it's that last explanation of these very small very low in Mass particles that the scientists wanted to focus on specifically they actually wanted

to simulate what would happen if you had very low in energy particles more or less interacting across large volumes of space and so by using relatively complex simulations they were able to create something that's thousands of light years in length to some extent the representing a center of a typical Galaxy but intriguingly what they discovered is that these particles will actually start exhibiting quite a lot

of effects similar to a typical Quantum system in other words because of their low mass they start having what's known as wave interference which start producing a lot of turbulent effects including various vortices and a lot of fluctuations that are a little bit different from what we expect from a typical gravitational system but more importantly it reminded the sizes of something that we actually can make

right here in a typical lab on Earth and something that's entirely Quantum in nature and so here I wanted to briefly explain what exactly a back is originally described in Project by Einstein and an Indian physicist satyendra Bose and in a nutshell it explains how certain particles which we usually refer to as bosons in certain extremely cold conditions and also in relatively low densities will start

increasing their interference waves until those waves start interacting so much that they actually turn into one massive wave that starts to acquire not microscopic but macroscopic properties it basically becomes a single Collective Quantum wave and it's just a neutral Quantum wave that can easily contain hundreds thousands or even millions of different particles that then starts to exhibit these Quantum effects that become visible on a much

larger scale in other words the actual particles disappear and they become basically a large massive wave okay honestly it's kind of difficult to imagine exactly what this becomes but here is how it's visualized by NASA and here's how it's visualized by the National Institute of Standards and technology and a lot of modern studies in quantum physics use really rely on both eins and condenses to try

to figure out exactly how Quantum effects work and what happens in certain conditions more intriguingly in one of the recent studies and I think this was like a study from a couple of days ago the scientists were definitely able to show that the famous epr experiment that basically proved the non-locality of the universe definitely seems to work for backs as well or in other words you

can actually affect one back Quantum entangled to another back and both of them will have entanglement effects no matter how far away they are even if you place one of them hundreds of light years away from planet Earth now we're actually going to be exploring this idea a little bit more in one of the future videos so do subscribe if you want to learn more but

in a nutshell this is a proof that even in really large objects containing hundreds thousands and millions of items once entangled and once they achieve a Quantum state will actually possess all of the quantum properties we expect but we'll talk more about this in some of the future videos for now let's focus on bags and how it connects to Dark Matter so basically backs are a

state of matter as assumed when a bunch of particles in this case bosons sort of connect their interference wave basically combine into one large massive particle or technically a large massive wave that of course relates to the idea of particle wave Duality and so when the scientists were conducting these experiments would hypothetical dark matter of extremely low mass and low energy they actually realized that it

seems to possess extremely similar properties to a typical back and so even though we generally associate dark matter with something related to gravity which basically forms the Cornerstone of entire cosmology this particular simulation and this experiment sort of directly connected this to ultra cold Atomic physics describing behavior of cloud of atoms specifically atoms like rubidium and potassium as an unusually similar model to what we might

observe with hypothetical Dark Matter particles and more importantly connecting this to an idea that already exists an idea in cosmology known as fuzzy cold dark matter or the idea that involves these extremely low in Mass particles potentially being responsible for all the Dark Matter effects that we're observing from around the universe and particles whose wavelengths would have to be extremely long possibly a few light years

in length making them practically undetectable by modern techniques but because they're present in very cold conditions and because their wavelings are already so long at some point they would start interacting with one another and eventually form some kind of a village Collective entirely Quantum in nature but also possessing a lot of effects that we still do not understand very well and so basically by bringing two

disciplines into this the discipline of cosmology and Ultra code Atomic physics the scientists actually found a really interesting way to potentially solve this mystery but I guess more importantly presenting us with an opportunity to study this and to physically prove or disprove this by not looking out there somewhere in the universe but instead recreating a model Universe right here on Earth by using in tiny Galaxy

of quantum effects assuming that this is exactly what dark matter is should be visible somewhere out there in the universe as well and so here are the centers of these Halos seem to actually possess extremely similar properties to gigantic both Einstein condenses and the farther away from the Halo you move the more wave-like Behavior and the more unusual Quantum properties should be visible around various galaxies

but here even though the core itself seems to possess backlog properties outside of the core defects become a little bit less predictable or I guess in simpler terms if this is correct The Intergalactic speed would potentially have a lot of unusual Quantum effects that we cannot explain and it's really these unusual vortices that seem to form as a result of the Halo that will actually potentially

prove this idea if we can somehow discover them in the intergalactic space either way though this model actually presents the entire universe and every single Galaxy in that universe as something that's more wave-like in nature as opposed to something that's being driven entirely by gravity and particle interaction as modern cosmology presents it and so in some sense this is actually a pretty intriguing explanation and an

explanation that once again shows us that in some sense the universe is just a little bit Stranger than we ever thought but whether any of this is true and whether any of this makes sense only future studies will tell for now the only facts we have are that bags are real and do possess unusual properties and that there does seem to be some kind of an

unusual effect that we refer to as dark matter but whether these effects are connected and potentially can explain one another or if it's completely unrelated that's not something we can definitively answer sir just yet there it was at least for now that fuzzy cool Dark Matter explanation has now officially moved up a little bit higher on the list of potential explanations for the mystery of dark

matter but if you'd like to find out about other alternative explanations check out the previous video from just a few months ago thank you for watching subscribe share this with someone about space and Sciences come back tomorrow to learn something else and maybe some production on patreon by Julian General membership or by buying the one four percent issue you can find in the description stay wonderful

I'll see you tomorrow and as always bye [Music] thank you [Music] foreign